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The Irish Water Spaniel: A Breed Apart

Side view of Irish Water Spaniel Dog looking up smiling on green grass


Introduction

When one thinks of dog breeds, it's easy to conjure images of furry companions like Labradors or Golden Retrievers. But what about a breed that not only excels in the water but also boasts a distinctive curly coat and a history steeped in the Emerald Isle? Enter the Irish Water Spaniel, a unique and fascinating breed that has captured the hearts of dog lovers around the world.


Breed History

The Irish Water Spaniel, often affectionately referred to as the "IWS," has a rich history that dates back to at least the 1830s in Ireland. They are believed to have originated from a combination of breeds, including the Poodle, the Portuguese Water Dog, and various spaniel breeds. This mix of ancestry contributed to their distinctive appearance and exceptional swimming abilities.

Irish Water Spaniels were initially bred for one primary purpose: waterfowl retrieval. They were favoured by hunters due to their keen intelligence, remarkable swimming skills, and ability to work in the harshest of Irish waters. This breed's development was driven by the demands of Irish hunters and sportsmen who needed a versatile and reliable hunting companion.


Also Known As

The Irish Water Spaniel is also known as the "Shannon Spaniel" or "Rat Tail Spaniel." The latter name comes from its distinctive tail, which is smooth and tapering, resembling that of a rat.


Breed Group and Size

The Irish Water Spaniel is classified as a member of the Sporting Group by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and similar groups in other kennel clubs around the world. Sporting dogs are known for their keen hunting instincts and versatility in the field, making the Irish Water Spaniel an excellent choice for hunters.

In terms of size, adult Irish Water Spaniels typically stand between 53 to 61 cm tall at the shoulder and weigh between 20 to 29 kg. They are a medium to large breed, well-suited to their historical role as waterfowl retrievers.


Coat, Colour, and Appearance

One of the most distinctive features of the Irish Water Spaniel is its unique coat. Unlike many other breeds, the IWS has a dense, water-resistant, and tightly curled coat that provides excellent protection in cold, wet conditions. Their coat can range from liver (a rich brown) to dark liver, and it should be free of white markings.

The Irish Water Spaniel's head is notable for its domed shape, and they possess expressive, intelligent eyes that convey their keen intellect. Their ears are long and pendulous, framing their face and enhancing their charming appearance. The breed's tail is customarily docked to a specific length, giving them a distinctive silhouette.


Distinguishing from Poodles

One common question that arises when discussing Irish Water Spaniels is the difference between them and Poodles, as both breeds share a curly coat. While they may share some physical characteristics, there are significant differences:

  • Size: Irish Water Spaniels are larger than most Poodles, which come in various sizes (Standard, Miniature, Toy).
  • Purpose: Poodles were originally bred as water retrievers in Europe, much like the Irish Water Spaniel. However, Poodles have been bred for a wider variety of roles, including hunting, herding, and companionship.
  • Temperament: Poodles tend to be more reserved, while Irish Water Spaniels are known for their lively and outgoing nature.


Rareness of the Irish Water Spaniel

Irish Water Spaniels are considered a relatively rare breed. While they have a devoted following, their numbers are not as high as some of the more popular dog breeds. The rarity of the IWS can be attributed to their specialised skills and the fact that they are not as commonly kept as pets. Breed enthusiasts, however, work diligently to preserve and promote this unique breed.


Breeds in the Mix

As mentioned earlier, the Irish Water Spaniel's ancestry is a mix of several breeds. The primary contributing breeds include the Poodle, the Portuguese Water Dog, the South Country Water Spaniel, and various local Irish spaniels. This blend of genetics has created a breed with exceptional swimming abilities, intelligence, and a distinctive appearance.


Mega Irish Water Spaniels?

While there is no such recognised category as a "mega" Irish Water Spaniel in the world of dog breeding, the term could be used informally to describe an exceptionally large or robust IWS. Like any breed, individual dogs may vary in size and build, but they should adhere to the established breed standards in terms of coat type, colour, and overall appearance.


Hair or Fur?

Irish Water Spaniels have hair, not fur. The distinction lies in the texture and growth cycle. Hair, like that of humans, grows continuously, doesn't shed as much as fur, and tends to be longer and coarser. The IWS's hair is dense, curly, and water-resistant, which is ideal for their role as water retrievers.


Conclusion

The Irish Water Spaniel is a breed that embodies the spirit of the Emerald Isle – tenacious, intelligent, and endowed with a unique set of skills. From its humble beginnings as a hunter's companion in the Irish marshes to its role as a beloved family pet and show dog today, the IWS has proven its versatility and adaptability.

As you consider adding a dog to your family or simply seek to expand your knowledge of dog breeds, remember the Irish Water Spaniel. They may not be the most common breed, but their distinct appearance, lively personality, and fascinating history make them a breed worth knowing and celebrating. Whether in the field or by your side, the Irish Water Spaniel is a loyal and steadfast companion, ready to bring a touch of the Emerald Isle into your life.


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